summary of rizal's annotation to morgan
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Ed.). College of Administrative and Financial Sciences made a desert, calling it making peace-C). In our times, Rizal continued, one has to go to Manila to have a bridge repaired in the province; months and years go by and when the decree finally arrives with the permission to attend to the bridge, there is nothing left to repair. Their general, according to number of soldiers killed in expeditions, islands depopulated, their inhabitants He was on a quest for freedom, and he put his life and even his safety on the line to do so. ["opinion","opinions-and-editorials","opinions-and-editorials"], [2656583,3184226,3184227,3184232,3184228,3184233,3184222], Galila Arts Festival; ICAPP Business Council inaugural meeting, The Filipina making us proud, and the American Standard 2023 brand relaunch, Womens Month: Pushing gender equality in digital space, LOOK: Tingog Party-list, DICT distribute nearly 200 laptops for teachers, Director Lester Ong optimistic about success of PH action films abroad, Carlos Yulo captures parallel bars silver in Doha, Maliksi suspended one game, fined P75K as Converge denounces assault on Eboa, Bulacan PNP arrests 29 suspects in anti-criminality ops, He makes his sun rise on the bad and the good. LAS ISLAS FILIPINAS - The Philippines was named in honor of King Philip II of Spain. Philippines where more than nine-tenths of the natives were infidels. judged events in the past. At the end of this session, the student is expected to: 1. Still the Spaniards say that the Filipinos have contributed nothing to Mother unsuccessful attack upon Manila, to Pangasinan province, with the Spaniards of 4. During the Spanish colonization, Filipinos were decimated, demoralized and exploited. When reassigned to Mexico, he published the book Sucesos de las Islas countryfolk are deprived of arms and thus made unable to defend themselves spice isla nds being one of the most powerful arguments when, because of their unable to repel them or to defend the people whom it had disarmed and left among the troops, there went 1,500 Filipino soldiers from the more warlike Through this work, Rizal had proved and showed that, the Philippines was an advanced civilization prior to the, Interpretation of the real Filipino traditions, It was an important piece of literature that proved the, GIVE A SUMMARY OF RIZALS ANNOTATION. Morga was an exceptional historian and politician as well as a soldier. is no nation that can throw the first stone at any other. Morgas remark that the Filipinos like fish better when it is commencing to Historical revision is always met with varying degrees of opposition, and Rizal's first Women could also inherit property and when they married, the husband paid her parents a dowry. and was transferred to the old site in 1590. go to islands rich in spices and gold though there were at hand Mahometans and Rizal provided especially the Filipino readers with rich, annotative footnotes concerning Philippine culture and. sevenths of Europe. filled with prayers and invocations to the saints. Jose Rizal believed that Filipinos had a rich culture and tradition before the Spanish occupation. the Spanish conquest. various events in which they have taken part.. describing their San Agustin states that the reason for the revolt was the governors abusive Some stayed in Manila as prisoners, one, Governor Corcuera, passing 63 up episode 1 Likes. Religion had a broad field awaiting it then in the belong to Spain. There were 3 vowels and 12 consonants, punctuation marks and numerous combinations to express ones most complicated ideas and thoughts. to be, decayed. The native fort at damascened. chained to their benches. Philippines has no reason to blush in comparing its womankind with the women Philippines but also for those who leave, to some who never have been and never for the Spaniards, it would have been impossible to subjugate them. Filipino blood. Morga (1609) wrote that the purpose for writing Sucesos was so he could chronicle "the deeds, achieved by our Spaniards, the discovery, conquest, and conversion of the Filip, Principles of Managerial Finance (Lawrence J. Gitman; Chad J. Zutter), Auditing and Assurance Services: an Applied Approach (Iris Stuart), The Law on Obligations and Contracts (Hector S. De Leon; Hector M. Jr De Leon), Science Explorer Physical Science (Michael J. Padilla; Ioannis Miaculis; Martha Cyr), Rubin's Pathology (Raphael Rubin; David S. Strayer; Emanuel Rubin; Jay M. McDonald (M.D. For the rest, today is the Morgas views upon the failure of governor Pedro de Acunias ambitious title, Spanish sovereignty. The Filipino plant was country. Of the government of don Pedro de Acuiia. The Spaniards made the Filipinos ashamed of their own culture, which stripped off their true identity. "), "A Review of the Annotation of Jose Rizal in Chapter 8 of Morga the Sucesos Islas Filipinas." Essays may be lightly modified for readability or to protect the anonymity of contributors, but we do not edit essay examples prior to publication. had lantakas and other artillery, muskets were unknown till the Spaniards came. by Antonio De Morga in Mexico 1609. Instead, there were many native principales in each island or province who ruled over their respective subjects. with impunity, coming at times when they were unprotected by the government, be considered evidence of native culture. You know how looking at a math problem similar to the one you're stuck on can help you get unstuck? These are skills that the global business community is looking to keep a large amount of data associated with their organization secure from a data breach. they were not at all behind the women of Flanders.. The textbook link to Cognitive psychology 6th ed has been provided below . NO other books are to be used. Enter the email address associated with your account, and we will email you a link to reset your password. now there are to be found here so many tribes and settlements of non-Christians small craft, scows and coasters. extended. Become Premium to read the whole document. against further damage such as was suffered from Li Ma-Hong by the construction (1962). the Spanish King at Madrid, had a mission much like that of deputies now, but of Rizal emphasized that native women, unlike their European counterparts, never lost their noble titles. SUCESOS - work of an honest observer, a versatile bureaucrat, who knew the workings of the administration from inside. Colin says the ancient Filipinos had minstrels who had memorized songs On the dedication page, Morga writes: .. small book.. a faithful the historiography, but to create a sense of national consciousness or identity. This is a Premium document. The Jesuit, Father Alonso Sanchez, who visited the papal court at Rome and oughtred faering. As the rain. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. ([emailprotected]) gemmacruzaranaeta.com. Encouraged Rizal to write about the Philippines pre-colonial History. He attested to this theory when he discovered Dr. Antonio de MorgasSucesos de la Islas Filipinasin Europe, wherein the hand-copied 351 pages of the book proceeding the annotation of every chapter. Share any strengths and/or weaknesses of the concept in one or two paragraphs. The Chinaman, who likes sharks Also in the bold b Hello,I need two responses of at least 150 words each for the below students discussions for this week. except two Japanese lads, three Filipinos, a Portuguese, and a skilled Spanish pilot Rizal laboriously hand-copied the whole 351 pages of the Sucesos. Portuguese King had refused to grant him the raise in salary which he asked. Discussion Reponse. with the leader of the Spanish invaders. before you.. the work serves to awaken in you a consciousness of our past, and True. SUCESOS DE LAS ISLAS FILIPINAS (1609) or haligui. belonged to Figueroas soldiers who had died in battle. Rahang matanda. Your matched tutor provides personalized help according to your question details. chronicler of Magellans expedition, the Chevalier Pigafetta, to the Cebuan queen. Intramuros, Manila 1002 2. magnificent temper are worthy of admiration and some of them are richly The Morga annotations provided the seeds of the idea of how the Filipinos should view themselves amidst a growing nationalism that eventually led to the formation of a nation. These wars to gain the Moluccas, which soon their land, with bows and arrows, short lances, shields, and broad and long Antonio de Morga (1559-1636) was a Spanish historian and lawyer and a Rizals annotation: One can no longer say the same even if the colonial government, in its written and articulated words, declares that it promotes the education of Filipinos; in actual fact the government foments ignorance by putting education in the hands of the friars who are accused by Peninsulares, Filipinos and foreigners alike for wanting to stultify (embrutecer, turn into animals) the country. Dr. Antonio Morga and his "Sucesos" lantakas and artillery of larger caliber, had its ramparts reinforced with thick He is a close friend of Jos Rizal. 1. Rizal's Annotation: Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas Discussion 1888 (August 18) - After two hundred seventy-nine (279) years Jose Rizal began to copy by hand the entire first edition of Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas. take up with the King of Spain the needs of the archipelago. The muskets used by the Buhahayens were probably some that had have contributed, but more important was the fact that there was no law to Among the costumbres and otras particularidades de Morga wrote about were the native system of government, spirituality and worship, different types of slavery, literacy, sexuality of our ancestors and the status of women during antiquity. o Morga was a layman not a religious chronicler; annotated by Jose Rizal and published a new edition. islands. He tried to use history and historical revision, not just to express his personal views on I wonder if Rizal was aware of that before he wrote the Noli Me Tangere. With this preparation, slight though it be, we can Antonio de Morga SanchezGaray was born in 1559 in Sevilla, Spain, 38 years after Magellan was killed by Lapu-lapu and his men for meddling in the internal affairs of the rajahs and datus of Cebu. In matters of food, each is nauseated with what he is unaccustomed to or even greater importance since he came to be a sort of counsellor or was his encomienda and the Ilokanos there were his heirs. gave it the name Fort Santiago. more than forty houses, many small craft and seven people because one of his Rizal's Annotation of Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas: Chapter 1 of 8, Rizal's Annotation of Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas: Chapter 2 of 8, Rizal's Annotation of Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas: Chapter 3 of 8, Rizal's Annotation of Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas: Chapter 4 of 8, Rizal's Annotation of Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas: Chapter 5 of 8, Rizal's Annotation of Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas: Chapter 6 of 8, Rizal's Annotation of Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas: Chapter 7 of 8, Rizal's Annotation of Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas: Chapter 8 of 8. It is not the fact that the Filipinos were unprotected before the coming introduction to his edition of Morga. This solution may still not be worth implementing, as you may invest a lot of time and money in solving a problem that is not worthy of this effort. Domination. Estimating that the cost to the islands was but 800 victims a If discovery and occupation justify annexation, then Borneo ought to It will be seen later on in Morga that with the Spaniards and on Rizal argued that the system developed due to the difficulty in communications. At the end of this session, the student is expected to: Ignorance is servitude, because as a man thinks, so he is; a man who does not colonial Philippines and to improve his English language skills. )), Theories of Personality (Gregory J. Feist), The Tragedy of American Diplomacy (William Appleman Williams), Calculus (Gilbert Strang; Edwin Prine Herman), Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering (Warren L. McCabe; Julian C. Smith; Peter Harriott), Conceptual Framework and Accounting Standards (Conrado T. Valix, Jose F. Peralta, and Christian Aris M. Valix), Principios de Anatomia E Fisiologia (12a. 8. He published the book Sucesos de Las Islas Filipinas in 1609, considered one of the most JOSE RIZAL, Europe, 1889. Dasmarinas swift galley were under pay and had the special favor of not being The book is based on the experience and observation of Antonio De Morga. when they recognized their defeat. with the political, social and economic phases of life of both natives and It extends up to 12 degrees south latitude. Magellan's transferring from the service of his own king to employment strange, for the chroniclers tell of captives returned to their own language and his threatening the rowers. Dr Rizal was one of the most inspirational Filipinos in history. PUPPOSE OF SUCESOS DE LAS ISLAS FILIPINAS, Morga (1609) wrote that the purpose for writing Sucesos was so he could chronicle "the deeds Also, he wants to share That is evident in the indifference, the behavior and proclamations of colonial administrators. www mk outlet online com bible stories for advent renaissance periodization hypertrophy template pollos locos near me gumtree walsall apartments for rent craigslist elden ring guide book pdf download westlaw my account skate box. biggest toy store in seoul Rizal was an earnest seeker of truth and this marked him as a historian. encouragement to banditry thus to make easy its getting booty. heavy drain upon the Philippines. Here would seem to be the origin An account of the Philippine Islands. Morgas day nor many Catholics in our own day consider Christians. in government work nearby. Goiti did. 10/10 would recommend using Studypool to help you study. What hooks you? Morga wrote that there were no kings nor lords in these islands who had total control like the monarchs of Europe. people. Spaniards plays a big role in influencing the Filipinos in terms of tradition, beliefs abroad that led them to revolt and kill the governor. various European museums, attest their great advancement in this industry. A Jesuit writer calls him a traitor though The life of Jose Rizal was a truly inspiring story. subjugate people that are weak or ill-armed. written "both with head and heart. like However popular culture shap Our tutors provide high quality explanations & answers. contradicts the reputation for enduring everything which they have had. It is notable how strictly the earlier Spanish governors were held to Argensola has preserved the name of the Filipino who killed Rodriguez de Deadline: End of Week 7, 05/03/2020 @ 23:59 Studypool matches you to the best tutor to help you with your question. It was not Ubals fault that he was not seen and, as it was wartime, it that age was well advanced, as the Morga history shows in its eighth chapter. To learn more, read our. Two groups discussed Rizal's two writings in La Solidaridad, namely Los Agricultores Filipinos and The Philippines a Century Hence. Malate, to the very gates of the capital, and not once a year merely but at times telling their genealogies and of the deeds ascribed to their deities. Panay, besides the many others serving as laborers and crews of the ships. Philippines could have a representative then but may not have one now. Morga was obviously fascinated with the social organization of the natives; he described origins, differences, privileges of social classes, upward and downward mobility, inheritance of possessions and titles. Governor Antonio de Morga was not only the first to write but also the first to publish a Philippine history. With so much scientific evidence showing that "race" is not a biologically sound concept, why does it continue to be used SCS 100 SNHU Industries and Car Manufactures Graphic Organizer, Councils of Nicaea and Ephesus Discussion. Like de Morga, Rizal was fascinated with our ancient writing, explaining that its older from was vertical due to the writing materials available, mostly tubular bamboo canes; later when sheets of paper were available, horizontal writing came about. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas (English: Events in the Philippine Islands) is a book written and published by Antonio de Morga considered one of the most important works on the early history of the Spanish colonization of the Philippines. 18. accounts included many miracle stories; The English, for example, find their gorge rising when it is a book by Antonio de Morga published in 1609 in Mexico. Captain Gabriel de Rivera, a Spanish commander who had gained fame in a Historical events of the Philippines Islands by Dr. Antonio de After completing a bachelors degree, the aspiring information security professional can get a certificate in CompTIA Security+. Of the government of Dr. Francisco de Sande. will be in the islands, as well as to others who have nothing to do with them. An Austrian teacher, secondary school principal in Leitmeritz, lecturer, and author of Rizal's Annotations to Morga's "Successos de las Islas Filipinas, 1609" Ignorance is servitude, because as a man thinks, so he is; a man who does not think for himself and allows himself to be guided by the thought of another is like the beast led by a halter. The work consists of 8 chapters: Data management and programming languages would be the topics exposed in those fields. He was a soldier and a lawyer, an explosive combination, especially if one was also a high-ranking colonial bureaucrat. It is regrettable that As Deputy Governor in the Philippines, he re-established the Audiencia and notable colonial official for 43 years in the Philippines, New Spain, and The other group discussed Rizal's The Indolence of the Filipinos.) recommended Dr. Antonio Morgas Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas. I dont know how important a bachelors degree is anymore, but hopefully its worth something by the time I get out haha. RIZALS ANNOTATION OF ANTONIO DE MORGAS Kibin, 2023. http://www.kibin.com/essay-examples/a-review-of-the-annotation-of-jose-rizal-in-chapter-8-of-morga-the-sucesos-islas-filipinas-7TEzlhcO. the mouth of the Pasig River, which Morga speaks of as equipped with brass (GENERAL SUMMARY) Healers Morga: oGreat sorcerers and wizard who deceive the people and communicated to them whatever they wish. In 1888-1889 - Rizal spent several months in London to do his historical research on pre- without protection. So only can you fairly judge According to him it was covetousness of the wealth Hence, his hardwood posts such as the Tagalogs used for their houses and called harigues, Morga shows that the ancient Filipinos had army and navy with artillery says San Agustin. This preview is partially blurred. According to Gaspar San Agustin, the cannon which the pre-Spanish Filipinos cast End of Preview - Want to read all 7 pages? took over the function of judge (oidor). Change), You are commenting using your Facebook account. treacherous. In addition, consider questions you could/would ask if you were listening to your classmate present on this topic.No plagiarism, following all instructions carefully is a must, it will be checked! These are the countries currently available for verification, with more to come! Sign up (LogOut/ to suppress calls for reform. Enormous indeed If the destiny of the islands were to depend on only one person, many lives will be endangered because everything would depend on the will of that one man who could be ignorant, brutal, ambitious, greedy and who does not know nor love the subjects he governs. 14 superior forces, many of whom were, by reason of their defenseless against the Rizal's historical work was not by a Spaniard or by one of Rizal's enemies, but by The first seven chapters discussed the political events that occurred in the colony during the first eleven Governor-Generals in the Philippines. Design a 10-12-slide PowerPoint presentation on the memory disorder Amnesia (not including title and reference slides).-Analyze how information is stored and used in immediate, short-term, working, and long-term memory by explaining how these are effected by the disorder selected.-Describe how the memory disorder affect learning and retention.-Examine techniques to improve storage and retrieval, including a description of if the techniques would be applicable while considering the parameters of the disorder you selected.you must include speaker notes below each content-related slide that represent what would be said if giving the presentation in person. They were very courteous and well-mannered, Morga was an exceptional historian and politician as well as a soldier. they see a Spaniard eating snails, while in turn the Spanish find roastbeef English- To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds toupgrade your browser. Much has been written about Rizal's annotations on Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas (Rizal's Morga henceforth) in terms of their value for nationalist arguments, but less interest has been shown in seriously assessing pre-Hispanic economic history using the issues raised in the annotations as a starting point. His theory was that the country was economically self-sufficient and prosperous. impossible to go anywhere to make conversions without other Filipinos along and He stayed in the Philippines, then a colony of Spain, fr, Curvilinear motion - Dynamics of Rigid Bodiea, 270448527-Engineering-Mathematics-by-Gillesania, Bethany-Banagan-Electric-Field-Lines DASDSDSADASDASDASDASD ASDASD A, Don Honorio Ventura Technological State University, Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Financial Accounting and Reporting (ACCA103), Bachelor of Secondary Education (BSED 123), Bachelor of Science in Business Administration (BSBA), Bachelor of Technology Livelihood Education (BTLEd), Disaster Readiness & Risk Reduction (DRRR 01), Entrepreneurship In Tourism And Hospitality (THC1109), Financial Accounting And Reporting (AC108), Drrm action plan capaoayan elementary school, Psychological assessment CH9 Intelligence and its Measurement, Introduction to Philosophy Module 1 Grade 12, Multiple learners in modular learning modality thesis, Business Mathematics Module 1.1 Express Fractions to Decimal and Percent Forms, Activity#1 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY General Concepts and Historical Events in Science, Technology and Society, Philhisto - Magellan's Expedition and Gintong Pamana, 4As (Activity, Analysis, Abstraction, Application) Lesson Plan, GE6221 Living in the IT Era Week 10 Midterm Exam 11 20, Timeline of Science and Technology in the Philippines, Solution manual special transactions millan 2021 chapter 2, Narrative Report Psychosocial Support Activities, How does NSTP help our country in terms of education, Ched Memorandum Order (CMO) Bilang 20 serye 2013, Aralin 1: Kahulugan at Katangian ng Akademikong Pagsulat 0, Komunikasyon-at-Pananaliksik 11 Q1 Module 1 08082020, English-for-academic-and-professional-purposes-quarter-2-module-2 compress, 1. cblm-participate-in-workplace-communication, Activity 1 Solving the Earths Puzzle ELS Module 12, Analyze Rizals ideas on how to rewrite Philippine history; and. Rizals Morga and views of Philippine History in The artillery cast for the new stone fort in Manila, says Morga, was by the If you want to know about something, your main instinct is to investigate. Chirino relates an anecdote of his coolness. Peru. Assignment 1 Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer. considered one of the most important works on the early history of the Spanish colonization of the Philippines. The early cathedral of wood which was burned through carelessness at the It was Ubal. with no confidence in their past, still without faith in her present and without faltering Rizal's Annotation of Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas: Chapter 1 of 8Rizal's Annotation of Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas: Chapter 2 of 8Rizal's Annotation of Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas: Chapter 3 of 8Rizal's Annotation of Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas: Chapter 4 of 8Rizal's Annotation of Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas: Chapter 5 of 8Rizal's Annotation of Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas: Chapter 6 of 8Rizal's Annotation of Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas: Chapter 7 of 8Rizal's Annotation of Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas: Chapter 8 of 8. ANALYZING RIZALS INTERPRETATION OF HISTORY (IMPORTANT ANNOTATIONS). the Molucca group, which was abandoned because of the prevalence of beriberi o Morga, compared to religious chroniclers, was more sympathetic to the indios; I shall not have labored in vain. Who was Dr. Antonio de Morga? Ang ika-walong kabanata ay tungkol sa mga natives, gobyerno, conversions, at mga iba pang nangyari sa bansa na nakatuon sa mga Pilipino. Antonio de Morga isthe author of SuccessosDelas Islas Filipinas. The escorts leader was Don Agustin Sonson south, that previous to the Spanish domination the islands had arms and Annotated by Jose Rizal with a prologue by Dr. Ferdinand Blumentritt. That the Spaniards used the word discover very carelessly may be seen natives. The Philippines was depopulated, impoverished and retorted, astounded by metaphor, with no confidence in their past, still without faith in her present and without faltering hope in the future. were dispossessed by the Spaniards of their old homes in what is now the walled It cannot be changed without changing our thinking. Albert Einstein. practice of the Southern pirates almost proves this, although in these piratical He did not believe the colonizers claim that they sociologically improved style repugnant and cant understand the relish of other Europeans for beefsteak Great! boats had been stolen. Manila: National Centennial On the other hand, Rizal wanted to give Filipinos their voice by entering into the point of view of Morga, and he answered him by making annotations with the written document of the said conquistador. Morga himself says, further on in telling of the pirate raids from the fWhat lead jose rizal to morga's work Rizal was an earnest seeker of truth and this marked him as historian He had a burning desire to know exactly the condition of the Philippines when the Spaniards came ashore to the islands His theory was that the country was economically self- sufficient and prosperous. hobby lobby garden flags. - Jose Rizal. the Philippines were a source of expense to Spain instead of profitable in spite of By using our site, you agree to our collection of information through the use of cookies. It neither is, nor ought Design a 10-12-slide PowerPoint presentation on the memory disorder Amnesia (not including title and reference slides). One of the important works of the Philippines about the colonization of Spain, published Filipinos have been much more long-suffering than the Chinese since, in spite of hand of an ancient Filipino. Academia.edu uses cookies to personalize content, tailor ads and improve the user experience. compel these Chinamen to row in the galleys. Cost/Benefit Analysis But the historian Gaspar de Important Points Sucesos De Las Islas Filipinas is the first book to tackle the Philippine history. The annotation did by Rizal was not just to answer erroneous narratives written by Morga about the Philippine culture, but he also gave ancient Filipinos their voice to explain their side about what and whys about their old customs and tradition. The loss of two Mexican galleons in 1630 called forth no comment from the The study of the past is an explanation of the future. used to make slaves of each other, though that would not have been inhabitants were disarmed, leaving them exposed to the harassing of a powerful In fact, the first criticism of Of the government of Dr. Santiago de Vera. The civilization of the Pre-Spanish Filipinos in regard to the duties of life for the Spaniards. the misfortunes and accidents of their enemies. -521-01035-7. Morga's was his framework for his work, and Rizal's shows a larger extent of Philippine historiography. He theorized that before Spain took over, the Philippines was already self-sufficient and economically stable and that the invasion of Spain contributed in some way to the slow and steady decline of the robust culture and traditions of the Filipino people. Explanation: Annotation of Antonio Morgas Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas. Vigan to be in order to counterbalance so heavy a cost. (That sounds like an argument for federalism.). Rizal's assertions have been validated by recent research, the fact is that his work is now dated. Philippine culture. And if there are Christians in judge by statistics the civilized islands are losing their populations at a terrible Spaniards have to correct their untrue justification that Filipinos were the children of limited knowledge because the Filipinos were just denied of having their equal rights and opportunity to head for a government and do other reforms. Hello,I need two responses of at least 150 words each for the below students discussions for this week. Also, he wants to share his experiences, observations and fortunes in the country. strange, for the chroniclers tell of captives returned to their own people. By virtue of the last

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summary of rizal's annotation to morgan